Avaliação dos custos de água e energia elétrica para frutíferas irrigadas no Estado da Paraíba.

Abstract

iis work deals with the evaluation of the costs of power and water for irrigated the planning áreas in Paraíba State. First, the demands of water were obtained and power electricity for cultures of papaya, coconut and banana using the irrigation system based on aspersion e microaspersion. João Pessoa, capital of Paraíba State, located in the lower Paraíba River, is the city which has the lowest water consumption and it requires only 37.71, 40.6 and 44.7% the demands of power and water of Desterro city for cultures of papaya, coconut and banana, respectively. The city of Desterro, located at the basin of Taperoá River, has presented the highest leveis for annual and daily evapotranspiration combined with the lowest rain rates. On the other hand, Jõao Pessoa, presented in the lower Paraíba River, presented the lowest leveis for average evapotranspiration and good rain rates of 75% of occurrence probability. Thus, the city of DesteiTO needs a higher reposition of water for the plants which leads a higher costs of water and electrical power. For cities located in the Paraíba State, the demand of water and electrical power increases when the distance between the cities and the offshore increases as a consequence of the precipitation and weather carachateristics of the cities used in this study. The region of the lower Paraíba River achieved the lowest average leveis for demand of water and electrical power while the sub-basin of the Taperoá River achieved the highest average leveis. Thus, the highest costs of water and electrical power occurred in sub-basin of the Taperoá River and lowest ones occurred in the lower Paraíba River. For irrigated agriculture, the taxes for the use of water should be implemented by the committe of the River Paraíba and they can be serving as a motivation for the efficient use of the water. In this case, lower taxes can be applied for efficient irrigation systems. So, a lower consumption of water should be achieved and the higher productivity by hectare can be obtained for the same volume of water. Keywords: Irrigation, simulation, planning