O parlamentarismo revolucionário como proposta transicional: uma análise do caso do partido de Los Trabajadores Socialistas na Argentina.

Abstract

In a context of the organic crisis of world capitalism, within the framework of a "cycle end" of a heterogeneous set of so-called "post-neoliberal" governments and a new cycle of governments that express a shift to the right and extreme right, as a trend in the political superstructure in Latin America and which poses new challenges for a left that defends political independence and for the working class in general, it becomes necessary a return of the strategic debate of revolutionary Marxism. The objective of this dissertation is to problematize a political phenomenon that reappears in an original way in Argentina, returning to a political tradition in the field of revolutionary Marxism that is known as "Revolutionary Parliamentarism." It is about the participation of revolutionary political parties in Parliament, in tactical terms, in the context, in this case, of a liberal democracy. We analyze the specific example of the legislators of the Partido de los Trabajadores Socialistas (PTS) in the Frente de Izquierda y los Trabajadores (FIT) in Argentina, highlighting the national mandates of the deputy Nicolás del Caño and the deputies Miryam Bregman and Nathalia González Seligra, considering also the legislative positions in different levels, be it at the state and / or municipal level in the provinces of Neuquén; Córdoba; Mendoza, Jujuy, Buenos Aires and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. We will present this political tactic in relation to the institutional behavior on the part of the revolutionary left in the last years in the country and its relationship with the extra-institutional struggles. We are facing a new form of political representation within the framework of contemporary democracies; whose objective is to overcome their narrow limits and to see to what extent revolutionary parliamentarism opens space for debate and questioning of capitalist domination. For this, from a theoretical point of view, we carry out a literature review on the subject in the field of the tradition of the international socialist and labor movement, recovering classic debates on the subject, analyzing the political decisions to compare with the Argentinean case. The procedures for empirical analysis, by documentary analysis, include sources such as the different public documents of the party, such as party resolutions, congress resolutions, public interviews and pronouncements, campaign spots, the different PTS newspapers since its foundation, at the Centro de Estudios, Investigaciones y Publicaciones - Leon Trotsky (CEIP-LT) in Argentina, we conducted semi-structured interviews with a representative part of the studied parliamentarians, which allowed us to obtain information that complements or clarifies the documentary analysis. In order to account for this reality, as far as the method of analysis is concerned, we are guided by historical and dialectical materialism, considering the political, economic and social elements as analytical divisions within the framework of a totality. The first is that, in the Argentine case, the role of a revolutionary party, like the PTS, is central to the revolutionary parliamentary tactics of all its legislators in the framework of a revolutionary strategy. The second that the proposals and the revolutionary parliamentary political practice of the PTS has a transitional perspective in political terms, in a context of organic crisis of world capitalism.