Lutas pelo monopólio da aparência: as representações do impeachment de Dilma Rousseff nas revistas Carta Capital e Veja.

Abstract

The present dissertation is proposed as a more general discussion of the role of the media in the societies, from the analysis of the case of the media production related to the impeachment of the president Dilma Rousseff. Taken as a set of images capable of affecting the world and the political sphere, inasmuch as it has put in spectacular circulation certain symbols, representations, values, identities, which have privileged and deprived the models of structuring the Brazilian society in dispute, we propose an analysis of the (1988) and the politics of representations and images, inspired by Hall's theoretical perspective (2016), and in the immanent Adornoian critique of cultural production in industrial society. Exercising what Hall called the interrogation of the pictorial and textual images produced around the political phenomenon highlighted here, and examining the values contained therein and beyond, we seek to reflect on different ways of representing the same event. Through a content analysis, we focused on the corpora of representations elaborated by two periodicals of national circulation: a self-declared against impeachment and another favorable to it, respectively the journals Veja and Carta Capital, analyzing the material in them produced and published during the December 2015 to September 2016. We analyzed the covers and editorials of each of the magazines, with the purpose of describing the discursive strategies of each of them, in the construction of their respective representations on impeachment. Among the main conclusions of the study, we highlight the following: (1) regarding the covers, Veja sought to demonstrate that the country was plunged into crisis by the PTs, while the Carta Capital denounced an elite strategy to take power; and (2) magazines make ostensive use of resources and visual and textual effects, using themes, symbols, signs that made up the spectacularization and representations of impeachment - Veja, insisting on the motto of corruption and the mobilization of images for the purpose of associating the PT with corruption and with the idea of a negative legacy of their governments - also highlighting the production of the disqualification of Dilma, represented as 'incapable' and even as 'crazy' and Lula, as 'venal' and 'corrupt' '; the Carta Capital, mobilizing images, speeches and symbols destined to create a representation that associated the phenomenon studied with the risk to democracy and the return of the military dictatorship.