Parâmetros das leucemias em crianças atendidas em um centro de referência estadual.

Abstract

Leukemia is the most common type of cancer in children under 15 years old, corresponding to 25-35% of all malignant neoplasms in this age group. With the recent advances in treatment of the disease, about 80% of children and adolescents newly diagnosed can achieve cure. Leukemia is a complex disease, comprehensive treatment, its prospectus in children requires accurate, reliable and suited to local conditions, therefore, this group presents an inherent weakness for being in physical, mental and social. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the frequency of leukemia in children treated at Hospital Universitario Alcides Carneiro in Campina Grande, in reference treatment of childhood cancer in the State of Paraiba. This was a documental retrospective descriptive study of a quantitative study using analysis of 39 medical records of children aged 0 to 14 years diagnosed with leukemia from the state of Paraiba admitted to the University Hospital Alcides Carneiro, in the corresponding period between the years 2007 to 2011. The collected data were selected, grouped and analyzed quantitatively, being discussed and represented in graphs and tables. Thus, the data exhibit leukemia is more frequent in females. Among the subtypes of leukemia, most often belongs to acute lymphoblastic leukemia, where the greatest involvement was male. Already the acute myeloid leukemia had low incidence front of the total number of cases. The emergence of new cases annually this service is stable. Diagnosis is made through the myelogram and immunophenotyping. The priority treatment is chemotherapy, sometimes in combination with radiotherapy. Bone marrow transplantation has not been used in the treatment the patients surveyed. Remission rates are around 44%. The abandonment / discontinuance of treatment is low, 13%. The tumor recurred in 28% of cases, the sites of relapse were: Bone Marrow, Central Nervous System, Bone Marrow/ Central Nervous System and Testicles. There were 11 deaths, 28% of all patients diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Thus, it can be inferred that although Leukemia is a serious disease, advances in diagnostic technology and treatments to these patients have provided a better expectation and quality of life. However, more epidemiological studies are needed to provide quality care aimed at the welfare and if

possible, the cure.