Análise de alternativas para o uso das águas do projeto de integração do rio São Francisco do eixo leste no Estado da Paraíba através de um modelo de otimização multiobjetivo.

Abstract

Water scarcity in semiarid regions such as the northeastern Brazil limits the socioeconomic growth of the region. One of the solutions to solve part of this problem is the Integration Project of the Sao Francisco River. In the State of Paraiba, the watershed of the Paraiba River will receive exogenous water through the East Axis project, ensuring a continuous supply of water. Given the importance of the integration and implementation of proper management, this paper aims to examine two proposals for use of the waters Paraiba River Basin after transposition focusing on Pocoes, Camalau, Ep'rtacio Pessoa and Argemiro de Figueiredo dams, while lie in the passage that receives water transposed. For analysis of these proposals it was created four scenarios, distinguishing them in priority of service demands and criteria for system operation. Such scenarios were assessed using a multi-objective optimization model based on linear programming for a period of 10 years, in order to evaluate the performance of the various uses of water, the reservoir behavior and to estimate the amount spent on electricity provided by adduction water supply for the scenarios studied. The results show that the demands of urban water supply have been met in all scenarios. The irrigation demands were strongly influenced by flow required for channel integration Acaua-Aracagi, not being met in two scenarios studied. We also conclude that the maximum flow estimated for channel integration Acaua-Aracagi is not sustainable, and lower cost estimates were obtained with the alternative proposed by the Executive Agency for Water Management in the State of Paraiba, therefore, considered best alternative for all purposes.