Macrodrenagem e ocupação do solo no município de Campina Grande: caracterização, simulação e análises sistêmicas.

Abstract

The close relationship between urbanization and increased flood recurrence and target from various researches. In recent years, water-sensitive planning that has adopted the basin as a management unit and the incentive to low impact measures has gained space in research and also, at a slower pace, in public policies. The evaluation of flood hydrographs and support capacity of the drainage network in different scenarios and fundamental for to analyze project alternatives and control measures, as well as to verify if the legislation provides for sustainable land use. Thus, in this work we performed the delimitation, discretization and characterization of two large basins of the municipality of Campina Large, in order to verify possible impacts resulting from regulatory parameters contained in urban and environmental legislation in the flow of the main streams. THE The methodology used includes the elaboration of a Digital Elevation Model of the study area. the elaboration of two occupation scenarios, the hydrological simulation to evaluate the hydrographs through the computational package 1PHS1, and the hydraulic simulation to verify the drainage capacity of the drainage system using HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Centers River Analysis System) and HEC-GEORAS. Geotechnologies, in particular Geographic Information Systems (ArcGIS and TerraView) were employed in all stages, and proved to be an indispensable tool for the study of space. Mapping the current occupation, there is the waterproofing and occupation of Preservation Areas (APPs) in more urbanized sub-basins. Regarding the legal instruments, few indices are determined by regulating land use. Changes in hydrograph behavior, peak flow increases of up to 37% and maximum time of up to one hour, when comparing the two scenarios, are results expressive. Changes in simulated waterproofing conditions cause high on the blade up to 40 cm. Such analyzes point out directions to urban planning “sensitive” to water resources and point out the importance of implementing legal measures regulating the occupation of land, as well as the continuous monitoring of its compliance.