Elaboração de geleia de pimenta da variedade Cambuci em diferentes estádios de maturação e concentração de sacarose.

Abstract

The peppers are consumed in various parts of the world, are greatly appreciated, especial ly in the form of preserved or with other spices for flavor enhancement, which may contribute to value-added products such as jellies. The objective of this research was evaluate the physicochemical, sensory and rheological characterization of the variety of pepper jellies Cambuci (Capsicum baccatum L.var. pendulum) at different stages of maturation and sucrose concentrations. Peppers were used in three matunty stages (green, half-mature and mature) and three concentrations of soluble solids (64, 65 and 66 °Bríx) for the preparation of jellies. The physical and physicochemical of raw fruits and after processing were performed. The data of the physical evaluations and physicochemical of peppers were treated according to a randomized design with four replications for each matunty stage. In the physicochemical evaluations of pepper jellies, data were submitted to a randomized design in factorial 3x 3 (three maturity stages and three concentrations) with three replications.For these tests was used the program Assistat, version 7.5 beta. At the sensory analysis for gel, was used a scale of five points in which evaluated the flavor, aroma, appearance, color and purchase intent, and data were processed by programs Consensor 1.1 and Assistat version 7.5 beta in a factorial 3x 3 (three maturity stages and three different concentrations) with three replications. The study of rheological behavior of the jellies was carried out at temperatures 20, 30, 40 and 50 °C, whose readings were performed by a Brookfield viscometer DV-II + Pro and the adjusted data through the models of Ostwald- de-Waelle and Hershel Bulkey. It was concluded in this research, that: the peppers in the stadium half-mature showed greater length, diameter, quantity of fresh mass and pectin, while the ripe peppers showed higher leveis of acidity, reducing sugars, soluble solids, ascorbic acid, minerais, anthocyanins, carotenoids and flavonoids. As for the physicochemical parameters (pH, acidity and soluble solids), jellies are within the standards established by ANVISA for the gel formation. For the three stages of ripeness and concentration, the pepper jellies that showed greater acceptability were also those who had the highest percentage of purchase intention, which was the green pepper jelly and mature to 66 °Brix, respectively, the acceptability of minor were semimadura pepper jellies and mature at 64 and 65 °Brix, respectively. Pepper jellies in different stages of maturity and concentration of sucrose, showed non-Newtonian fluid behavior with pseudoplastic characteristics. Among the rheological models used to describe the rheological behavior of jellies, the model of Ostwald-de-Waelle proved to be the best fit to experimental data, showed the highest coefficient of determination (R % around 99.9.