Contribuição a anatomia foliar de Pteris dentieuiata Sw (Monilophyta - pteridaceae) na mata Goiamunduba - Bananeiras - PB.

Abstract

Ferns are seedless vascular plants that constitute a vegetal group which established themselves in the land environment due to favorable conditions for their growth and establishment, for this they require an aqueous environment to reproduce. They contribute for the maintenance of humidity in the place they are inserted. In the state of Paraíba, information about foliar anatomy of ferns is still incipient. Inserted in Agreste of Paraíba and located in the municipality of Bananeiras, the reserve Goiamunduba is an area which has Mata Atlântica or rainforest as its dominant biome. We aimed to elucidate relevant anatomical characters of the species Pteris. Pteris denticulata Sw. (Pteridacede) seeking through the foliar anatomy, to contribute for problems related to the taxonomic classification. The botanical material was fixed in FAA 50% and then maintained in ethanol 70%. It were realized freehand cross sections and paradermic, then the material was clarified sodium hypochlorite (50%), using acetic water 1% to fixing dye. After, it was stained with safranin and methylene blue. Finally, it was assembled semi permanent blades in glycerol water 50%. This specie presents uniestratified epidermis, with petiole covered by a thick cuticle, and we observe the presence of some druses amphicribal vascular bundle surrounded by endodermis. The leaf blade in its front view presents hairless and hypostomatic epidermis with stomata of anomocytic type. The mesophyll presents dorsiventral structures where it is not possible to distinguish palisade from spongy parenchyma. Was observed the presence of phenolic compounds in its petiole in the parenchymal sheath, as also in its leaf blade. These characteristics provide important data for the taxonomy of the family.