Viabilidade econômica, com valorização ambiental e social, de sistemas de coleta seletiva de resíduos sólidos domiciliares: estudo de caso: João Pessoa/PB.

Abstract

The objective of the work was to study the economical viability of the selective collect of solid residues from housing, also taking into account the social and environmental evaluation of the project. The study was developed from a pilot project of selective collect in Joao Pessoa city, which comprises the districts of Tambau, Cabo Branco, Miramar and part of Manaira, and is supported by the Autarquia Especial Municipal de Limpeza Urbana - EMLUR, since September 2000. The methodology applied for the study of the economical quantification of all benefits and costs involved in the process of selective collect of solid residues from housing. The social benefits for the dustmen and the benefits for the environment, that is a result of the final disposition of the solid residues, were also evaluated in this work. The results obtained with the research are encouraging, in terms of the relation Benefit/Cost (B/C) of compounds economically quantifiable as well as in social and environmental terms. With the quantification of the direct benefits and costs of the actors involved in the project, the relation B/C was 1,91. When the indirect costs with workers of selective collect (social duties) and the indirect benefits with the economics of transportation and operation, including the area of sanitation were computed, the relation B/C was 1,44. Taking into account the benefits of saving energy as a result of the manufacture of products from recycled materials and the costs of buying recycled materials, the relation B/C for industries was 1,77. The work also includes an over-analysis of the project for Joao Pessoa city as a whole (597.934 inhabitants). This last analysis shows the economical viability for the implementation of the selective collect of solid residues from housing, besides the uncountable intangible benefits (social and environmental).