Adoção na perspectiva da proteção social de crianças e adolescentes: um olhar sobre a realidade da unidade de acolhimento Casa Lar de Sousa - PB

Abstract

This paper aims to reflect on the challenges presented in the adoption process, based on the reality of the CASA LAR DE SOUSA, Sousa-PB host unit. Analyzing the participation of institutional shelters in the process of family and community coexistence and identifying preference issues in the selection of children and / or adolescents to be adopted by those who are included in the host units. In this discussion about adoption, it is important to reflect on the socio-historical process of social policies aimed at children and adolescents, bringing the strong past of institutionalization and exclusion to which they were subjected, until the emergence of the first legislation and services to this public. The legal advances that were established after the implementation of the Statute of the Child and Adolescent in Law 8.069 / 1990, which first considers children and adolescents as subjects of rights, and the changes resulting from the enactment of the new Adoption Law (Law no. 12.010, 2009), brought new perspectives to the procedures involving adoption, emphasizing family and community coexistence, based on the construction of the National Plan for the Promotion of the Defense and Guarantee of the Rights of Children and Adolescents for Family and Community. To reflect on the adoption, an epistemological research was carried out with a qualitative approach, based on Marx's method of dialectical historical materialism. For the analysis of the data, a questionnaire was used as a methodological resource with five professionals who are in the service of "Casa Lar de Sousa". With the data collection, it is understood the fragility of the adoption system, which consists of the queue for adoption and the importance ofprofessionals in the mediation of social protection actions.