Análise de conflitos na seleção de alternativas de gerenciamento da demanda urbana de água.

Abstract

Along last decades, the increasing consciousness on water as a limited resource, the concern with problems ensued from fast urbanization and with water scarcity risks, led to a reformation of water resources management traditional model: supply management meaning is extended, incorporating sustainable development concept; demand management and water resources conflict resolution acquire significance; and decision making changes its characteristics, becoming multi-objective and multi-party. In this context, urban water demand management becomes essential element to implement management new model and, at the same time, makes to appear new kinds of water resources conflicts, showing the need of using appropriate decision support tools to the new water management decision making. This dissertation evaluates the viability on applying Conflict Analysis techniques to urban water demand management. So, analyses the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution - GMCR use, as decision support tool, in selecting urban water demand management options for Campina Grande city (Paraiba state, Brazil), which historically feces fresh water supply problems. The model is evaluated - concerning to its implement compliance, to the provided information for supporting decision making and to its capability in simulating reality - through three Public Authority decision making conflict simulations, based on real data related to the decisionmakers groups involved and their respective preferences on urban water demand management options being selected. As basing the evaluation of Conflict Analysis techniques use to urban water demand management problems, the results are analysed in order to identify consensual urban water demand management options for Campina Grande city. The outcomes permit to conclude that Conflict Analysis techniques can be used for decision supporting and options identifying on urban water demand management.