Toxidade do macerado da flor da quixabeira sobre abelhas operárias africanizadas.

Abstract

Quixabeira S / de / oxy / on ol) fus / fo // um (Roem. And Schult.) T.D. Penn is a species native, of the Sapotaceae family comprises about 50 genera and 1000 species. In Brazil, there are 14 genera and about 200 species. At the In general, the quixaba tree can be used for several purposes, among which we have the urban afforestation, energy production from wood, forest recovery ally, and medicinal use. The present study aimed to study the toxic effect of the flower macerate of Quixabeira S ol) fus / Éo // one on the bees, 4p / s me // beast Africanized in a controlled environment. The comet of the flowers of Quixabeira was made in the municipality of Cerro Cora-RN and conducted to the Federal University of Campina Grande - UFCG, Pombal campus. They were taken to the oven for drying at 40 'C for 48 hours, followed by crushing in a mortar, then powdered and sieved in three fine nylon mesh, packed in plastic tubes and properly labeled at the Animal Nutrition Laboratory at UFCG - Pombas - PB and conducted to the UFCG Bee Laboratory - Pombal - PB. The macerate of the Quixabeira flower was weighed in three distinct fractions, that is, (25%, 50% and 100%) and added to an artificial "candies" diet (mixture of powdered sugar and honey in a 5: 1 ratio). Placed in small plastic covers with a small screen of wire, covering to prevent the insect from drowning when the diet is liquid. Placed in wooden boxes measuring 11 cm long x 1 1 wide and 7 cm high and holes in the sides closed with nylon mesh for ventilation, previously lined with filter paper and glass lids. The workers were selected in the comb of breeding the newly emerged, that is, by the size and a lighter color and taken to the laboratory in a plastic container (small cut-out bottle with foam for ventilation). Then distributed together of 20 insects per box, next to a plastic cover with water soaked in a cotton ball. These distributed in three repetitions and the control, making an average of 12 boxes and 240 worker bees tested. Housed in a BOD greenhouse with an environment adjusted to a temperature of 32 OC and 70% humidity. Every 24 hours they are removed from the BOD. observed. water was added with a syringe and then the dead bees were removed. noted on a daily control sheet throughout the test period. The data were placed in the BioEstat 5.0 program to perform the calculations and graphs on the result. For data analysis, the Log test was used Rank Test by the Collet method, when comparing survival curves. At Statistical analysis shows the survival curves significantly reduced with the use of the diet containing the powders. Control bees remained alive until 21 days, reaching a statistical average of 17 days. and for those treated with 25oZo, 50% and 100% respectively presented mortality at 15, 13 and 11 days. Data analysis showed differences significant statistics between treatments and control, suggesting toxic effect of the macerate obtained from flowers of S / deroxy / on obfus / fo // t / m (Roem. e Schult.) T.D. Penn for workers of 4p / s me /// beast. As concentrations macerate of quixabeira flowers increase in food, decrease the time of life of bees .4p / s me /// wax, proving a toxic effect.