Narrativa visual: terra, trabalho e memória na construção da identidade étnica da comunidade quilombola Grilo.

Abstract

Photoetnography is the use of photography as a form of narrative ethnographic. This research it is a historical-sociocultural narrative with photographs of the rural quilombola community Grilo, in the city of Riachão do Bacamarte - PB. This community has black ancestry, shares the same territory and the same culture, and since 2006, with community recognition remnant of quilombo is constructing its quilombola ethnic identity. A photoetnography, originating from Anthropology (Visual Anthropology), has been employed in the most diverse areas of knowledge in the field of human and social sciences. This methodology consists in the study of the subject directly in the reality where it inserts itself. The objective of this research is to present the Historical - sociocultural Photoetnography of this quilombola community through a narration with photographic images. Photography as a visual resource allows the community to present different perspectives of their daily lives. The photographs were produced during the semester between 2016 and 2018 in the community, where we sought to live close to quilombolas interlocutors in their day to day chores. The longtime of living in the community contributed decisively to the results of the images and field practice. Photoetnography, method proposed by (ACHUTTI, 2004), is based in a logical sequence of the phenomenon studied. In the case of this research, we propose an adaptation of the method to a narrative Historical-sociocultural photoetnography with photographs produced in the Grilo with the research interlocutors. Our purpose was to give visibility to the socio-cultural practices of the people living in the community Quilombola Grilo, a space of ancestry, rurality and patrimony cultural dimension in the landscape and immaterial dimension. And demonstrate the narrative potential of photographic images in the field of Human Sciences (History). In this way, the textual narratives were developed with subjective (and sometimes poetic) observations that are usually not revealed in scientific productions, but necessary for approaching textual imagery. The exposed photographs and texts written in this dissertation seek to compose a whole, that is, a coherent narrative on the historical-sociocultural ethnography of the quilombola community studied. In this way, the character of the visual description inherent in photography is valued, especially as the apprehension of a given reality. With the photographic narration it is tried to show that it is possible to make use of photography to deal with subjects related to social groups and their culture, since such images make up elements of the visual narrative to subsidize analysis about several aspects such as: historical, environmental, political and socio-cultural characteristics of the quilombola communities. The photographic images selected surpass the merely picturing aspect by acquiring autonomy without overlapping the written text, with registration and memory functions to establish itself as a tool for research and production of knowledge.