Estudo da alface e coentro em consórcio e monocultivo sob diferentes adubações em dois períodos.

Abstract

In recent years many plant combinations in intercropping have been studied and have demonstrated agronomic viability due to increased production per unit área and better use of natural resources. Alternative inputs, such as animal waste, crop residues, and green manures have been used mainly to increase the amount of organic matter in the soil, increasing the nutrient content, thereby providing an increase in crop yield and reduce production costs and negative effects on the environment. Thus, the objective is to evaluate the growth and productivity the culture of lettuce and coriander in intercropping system and in monoculture under different types of fertilizer in two crops. The experimenta were conducted on the premises of the Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar (CCTA) of the Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, municipality of Pombal-PB. The treatments consisted of types of fertilizers and farming systems in a factorial 6 x 2, with the first six factor fertilizations: 1= Cow Dung (Fertilization with Animal Waste)l 2: Green manure (Guandu beans)l 3: Green manure and cow dungl 4= Mineral Fertilizationl 5= Organomineral fertilization and 6= Merger of spontaneous vegetation and the second factor of two farming systems: 1= intercropping and 2= monocropping. The experiments were conducted in randomized block design with four rep.lications. In both crops, Cristina and Verdão seed were used, respectively for lettuce and coriander. The lettuce (main culture) was transplanted at a spacing of 0.30 m between rows and 0.25 m between plants in both culture systems. In intercroping, coriander was sown on lettuce lhes. In both consortia as in monocultures coriander spacing was 0.25 m between rows. There was no contrai of the spacing between plants to coriander, thus standardizing up the amount of 3 g of seed per meter of furrow. The characteristics evaluated were plant height, head diameter. fresh weight and shoot dry, productivity and index of the efficient use of land (UET). The data was subjected to analysis of variance, the averages were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. It was observed that, for the first crop, the highest values of growth characteristics and lettuce productivity were monocropping when fertilized with caule manure alone or in combination with green manure and with mineral fertilizerl the second crop, there was this same behavior, but with high values. The combination of animal manure with green manure provided higher yields Coriander in both crops. Coriander had its best performance in the intercropping or similar to monocropping in both crops, regardless of the fertilizer used. The mineral fertilization only promoted good yields for the first crop of lettuce and cilantro. The UET has shown that all consortia were viable in the efficient use of band.