Interação fármaco x alimento na doença diabetes mellitus tipo 2 em idosos.

Abstract

The world population is aging as a resulto of longer life expectangy resulting from numerous scientific and social advances. Type 2 Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that has insulin resistance as its main characteristic, causing a variety of effects on carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. In this context, one of the diseases that usually affects the elderly is type 2 Diabetes mellitus and it may be subject to possible drug-food interactions.The interactions between medications and foods that make up the diet of the elderly can compromise the absorption of vitamins present in foods as well as pharmacological treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the possible interactions between drug and food in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus disease in the elderly in the city of Olho D´ Água do Borges-RN. The research instrument used to analyze the possible drug and food interaction in the elderly who live with diabetes was through the application of a questionnaire to 65 elderly people with type 2 Diabetes mellitus. The questionnaires were numbered and then transposed to a digital platform using the features of the Microsoft Access version 2010 program. To validate typing, the Epi Info program, version 6.02 was used. After typing, the database was transferred to the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows version 13.0 program for statistical data analysis. Among the 65 elderly patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus, 35.5% used the drug metfomin and 12.3% consumed the foods rice, green leaves, potato, beets and crackers. It was analyzed that the foods rice, green leaf and sugar beet have in its constitution vitamin B9 and that the drug metformin concomitant with the consumption of foods that have in its constitution vitamin B9 and B12 could cause a possible interaction between this medicine and these foods. Regarding the profile of the elderly with this pathology, 69.2% were female, 47.7% were between 60 and 69 years old, 67.7% had low education, 41.5% had adequate weight and 38.5% overweight. Regarding the pharmaceutical orientation it was evaluated that 100% of the elderly did not ask for guidance from this professional at the time of purchasing the drug for type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Given the high prevalence of not seeking pharmaceutical advice, the existence of a possible interaction between drug and food and the existence of overweight elderly, it is concluded that the pharmacist's guidance on the rational use of medicines is necessary, about interactions that may occur between drugs and food and thus contribute to a better quality of life and pharmacological treatment effectively and safely.