A democracia nas urnas: a governança eleitoral independente e a qualidade da competição política.

Abstract

This study seeks to undertake the analysis of the institutional models of electoral governance, with emphasis on the independent profile of the entities that direct and control the political disputes, as well as their correlation with the fight against fraud and the violence related to the elections. The research hypothesis consists of the proposition that electoral governance institutions with greater material independence achieve higher levels of quality in the electoral process, making it more fair, secure, impartial and transparent. From the initially descriptive method, we start from the theoretical study about the essentiality of the elections for the definition of the democratic archetype, as well as the literature review about the elements concerning the smoothness and the electoral violence, showing data and information from international bodies on the integrity and security of elections. Then, the theoretical propositions related to electoral governance and the independent management profile of political competition are addressed, outlining its classification and essential characteristics, with analytical prominence in the Brazilian judicialized model. Finally, correlation tests are performed and inferential statistical results are presented on the data and indicators related to the models compared in the cross country research design, followed by the study's conclusions, which indicate a strong degree of association between the variables used and indicate that the material independence of the election management bodies significantly impacts the integrity and security of the elections, being a causal possibility of the elevation and consolidation of the quality of the electoral process.