Do território da esperança à memória da conquista territorial: conflitos e acesso a terra pelo MST no Acampamento Emiliano Zapata, município de Sousa-PB.

Abstract

This work refers to the origin / history of the Landless Workers Movement (MST), while movement characteristic territorial partner. Accordingly, we attribute the history of this movement, the adjectives of resistance and struggle for access / tenure. Where before a whole framework , since the colonial period , values the interests of ruling oligarchies , this ( MST ) comes this " restlessness " of a devaluation of the peasant to the detriment of this class " said top " . In a complementary way, deal a little about the various issues surrounding land property, both in the Brazilian scenario, as in Paraiba field. For this we use the analysis methodology and procedures involving the dialectic of socio- spatial processes and oral history, literature, documentary and iconographic research, the research focused on the interpretation of various narratives / memoirs. We make a journey , the history of the movement from its first occupations held on farms in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul to the first occupations in the backlands of Paraiba , more precisely , in one of their camps , Emiliano Zapata , located in Sousa -PB . This movement has always set out to fight for a better "democratization" in relation to land access. We also present during this study some concepts that are extremely important, as social movements, identity of being a peasant / landless camps / settlements. These contribute to a discussion / understanding of the meaning of the conflict between landlordism and small farmers without land. We have as a general goal in this work, understand the history of social struggles for access to land by landless peasants, coordinated by the MST, for the construction of the territories citizenship in the city of Sousa -PB. The results point to difficulties in acquiring land in Brazil neglect by successive rulers who does not propose, as a main goal, meeting social demands with the increase of the Agrarian Reform. It should also draw attention to the fact of peasant resistance. It has been more than seven years in which camped facing extreme difficulties in the area and that are reported and analyzed in this study. We conclude that lack commitment from governments, the situation, or opposition, in meeting the demands of historical excluded from access to land. The records of the peasant struggle organized by the MST need greater visibility. Need to be documented and archived. Face difficulties in systematizing the data by the absence of documentary records, leaving only, mostly in the memories of camping, the history of struggles for the conquest of the territory of Hope.