Estratégia de educação em saúde na prevenção do câncer de pele por enfermeiros da atenção básica em Cajazeiras - PB.

Abstract

The heat and the strong sun observed in all of the areas of Paraiba are risk factors for the increase of the cases of cutaneous cancers. The estimates of the cancer for the year 2011 classify of the skin as the third party of larger incidence in the state, being behind the breast and prostate cancer. They are classified in basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. The treatment of the cancer, internment, chemotherapy and radiotherapy cost to Brazil a billion of reais a year. The prevention of the skin cancer is the cheapest strategy to promote the health of the population, should be inserted in the strategies of health of the family in the whole country. The nurses are fundamental elements in the prevention process, detection and trace of the cancer. The present study has as general objective verifies the existence of education strategy in health in the prevention of the skin cancer accomplished by nurses of the basic attention of Cajazeiras-PB, in a coherent way with what extols Ministry of Health. And the following objectives: to describe the knowledge of nurses about skin cancer, to examine whether nurses are trained in oncology, and see if the home care to patients with the disease, is carried out. As for the methodological course it is an exploratory study, with approach quantitative qualitative. The sample consisted of six nurses that act in the basic units of health of the city of Cajazeiras-PB. For the collection of data a questionnaire semistructured was used. The quantitative data were analyzed through a simple statistical analysis and the qualitative die through the technique of the Collective Subject's Speech (Lefreve & Lefreve), respecting the presuppositions of the resolution 196/96. The results indicate that, in the context of the prevention of the skin cancer, education strategies in health close to the users of the Strategies of Health of the Family (ESF) they are not being accomplished. It is evident the need of an addressed program the prevention actions, trace and detection of the skin cancer, as well as the nurses' training and teams of ESF with the intention of providing to the patient an integral care and humanized.