Riscos ocupacionais vivenciados pela equipe de enfermagem no Serviço de Urgência e Emergência do Hospital Regional de Cajazeiras - PB.

Abstract

The area of Urgency and Emergency Is considered an important component of health care, with the purpose of accommodating Individuals with an immediate imminent risk of life. Various situations present in the workplace can become harmful, depending on the intensity and duration of contact of individuals to the same, so , analysis of risks In the workplace should incorporate the experience, knowledge and participation of workers as they perform everyday work, sues suffer effects and have a key role in the identification, elimination and control of risks. This study aimed to investigate the exposure of workers to occupational hazards in the nursing sector emergency care at the Hospital Regional Cajazeiras - PB. This is an exploratory field research and descriptive, with quantitative and qualitative approach in which the selected population was composed by a team of nursing, the Emergency Department and Regional Hospital's Emergency Cajazeiras-PB, the universe of the survey sample consisted of 14 nurses and 31 nursing technicians, totaling 45 professionals. Data were collected in September 2011 after the project examination and approval by the Ethics Committee in Research of the State University of Paraiba, through a semi-structured questionnaire, quantitative analysis, presented in tables, qualitatively using the technique of Collective Subject Discourse of Lefevre and Lefevre then discussed. The principal results verify that the nursing professionals, are mostly female, aged 20-31 years, working time in the unit or less a year ago where most have other jobs and have an income of 1 to 3 minimum wages. They also showed scant knowledge on occupational hazards, however, evidence to know about prevention methods, although this is not observed in practice developed. Moreover one can verify that the occupational hazards present service were chemical hazards (chemical exposure), because of the great contradictions physical risks were not identified; ergonomic hazards (work requires physical exertion, poor posture is exercised / uncomfortable, is excessive and the resting place does not guarantee satisfactory conditions for the rest, risk of accidents (There is no emergency exit in appropriate numbers and locations); biological hazards (most professionals work using loud, others do not have the vaccination for hepatitis B and tetanus complete performing peripheral puncture without gloves, the habit of recapped needles and syringes, controversies surrounding the implementation of occupational health examinations also a significant number of professionals, have suffered occupational accidents with potentially contaminated and most did not use personal protective equipment); psychosocial risks (role overload, excess liability, stress, long hours and bullying). The analysis also identified that they did not have any training against accident prevention, your employer will provide all PPE, But the most used, are just gloves and masks. Therefore, it reinforces the creation of a Specialized Safety Engineering and Occupational Medicine, the establishment of an Internal Commission for Accident Prevention and consequent development of a Prevention Program Environmental Risks, emphasizing education and training in health, recommended by Regulating the Ministry of Labor and Employment.