Perfil clínico e sócio-demográfico e qualidade de vida de (ex) portadores de Hanseníase.

Abstract

Hanseniasis is a disease of national importance, placing Brazil in second place in the world by the high incidence rates and prevalence, affecting men and women, causing serious biological damage, psychosocial and economical. The Quality of Life (QL) may be an indicator in the clinical trials for specific diseases, by evaluating the impact that the physical and psychosocial illnesses, dysfunction or disabilities could cause on the affected people, allowing better understanding the patient and his adaptation to the condition of diseased. The survey aims to characterize the clinical and socio-demographic aspects and quality of life of (ex) diagnosed Hanseniasis carriers in the city of Sousa - PB between the period of January 2009 to September 2011. It is a exploratory and descriptive study, with a quantitative approach, developed at the participants home residents in the neighborhoods of Sao Jose, Guanabara, Bancarios, Jardim Iracema, Frei Damiao, Varzea da Cruz, Jardim Sorrilandia I I , Estacao e Ciganos, all located in the city of Sousa- PB. The population was composed of all patients and ex - Hanseniasis earners diagnosed , notified and registered on the that city health units, making the universe of 21 users. From this total, only 13 people were chosen by an intentional non-probabilistic sampling to become part of the sample. The data was collected in November 2011 by a questionnaire covering socio-demographic, clinical and operational data and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and analyzed using the program Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee in Research of the Hospital Universitario Alcides Carneiroat Universidade federal de Campina Grande - UFCG under process No. 20111410-044. The main results show the prevailing socio-demographic profile of adults (38.5%), female (53.8%), married (38.5%), not literate (46.1%), brown (76 9%), household (46.2%), income from one to two minimum salaries (100%), three children (38.5%), living with family in the urban area and in their own borne (61.5 %), practicing Catholic doctrine (76.9%), the main drinking coffee habit (61.5%). In the clinical characteristics, was found a profile (ex) paucibacillary patients, of dimorphous type, with vaccination scar, a skin lesion and no affected nerve in the dermatoneurological exam, disability grade 0, no bacilloscopy, polychemotherapy for six months without reactional episodes and carriers of comorbidities. About the impact of hanseniasis on the quality of life of (ex) patients, it was noted that the scores achieved in the application of DLQI ranged from 0 to 12 points (average of 5 points), and most (46,1%) had a score in the light size (2-5), 30.8% in moderate size (6-10) and only 23.1% of the patients showed no impairment of quality of life. It was concluded that the evaluation i f the quality of life of the patients with hanseniasis proved to be of fundamental importance to the development of new care practices and public policy that have as their objective the promotion of health and disease prevention and that resonate positively in the psycho-socio-cultural sphere .