Análise Física do violino.

Abstract

In the present work we seek with the analysis of the physics involved in the construction and execution of the violin, show the bridge that exists between Physics and Music. The violin, instrument which is of Italian origin, possibly appear in the 15th century as the evolution of three other string instruments. Classified as a composite cordophone, it has a speaker as part of your body. This box is preferably built with wood, due to obtain a better acoustic response. Know the structure of an instrument of fundamental importance in the understanding of its sound production process. The violin in turn has beautiful engineering based on physical principles. Among the sound properties, timbre and the most complex with respect to the understanding of its concept, this due to the harmonic composition of each note issued because a given instrument is related to the multiple resonances during the process sound production. In search of a better understanding of the concept of timbre, in particular the violin timbre, an analysis of its sound spectrum was made when it it produced its four main notes. As a tool to carry out this activity, the computer program Spectrogram 16.0 was used, which captured and analyzed the harmonic behavior over a previously defined frequency range. With the help of Maple 12 (another computer program) was made the representation and sum of the harmonics analyzed as wave functions, thus obtaining a mathematical approximation of the shapes of some of the waves produced by the violin. Based on what was demonstrated by the German physicist and musician Ernst Chladni (1756-1824), analysis of the normal modes of vibration of plates with similar geometry to the tops was made of the violin, but of different material. With the formation of the so-called Chladni Figures, an idealization of the behavior of the tops of possible violins of material many different.