As equações de Friedmann.

Abstract

The solutions of the General Theory of Relativity (TRG) Equations for a Universe in expansion were first obtained by Alexander Friedmann. He observed the possibility of the existence of a dynamic Universe, whose behavior would depend exclusively on how matter and energy were distributed. In this job, we discussed the deduction of Friedmann's equations, studying some important bases

for the understanding and development of Modern Cosmology. Using an action called Einstein - Hilbert as the path, we find the TRG field equations.

We rewrote the field equations of Gravitation in the Friedmann - Robertson metric

- Walker (FRW), where we get two expressions: one of them of the information about the acceleration of the Universe in terms of energy density p and pressure p; the other shows the

evolution of the Hubble H parameter in terms of the energy density p and the constant curvature k. They are known as Friedmann's Equations. We insert an example simplest of a scalar field Ø at Friedmann's equators using the energy tensor - moment, considering a universe dominated by Dark Energy. THE from this, it was possible to obtain the energy density, pressure and the equation of motion of the