Análise das possíveis alterações dos extremos climáticos devido à formação do lago artificial da hidrelétrica de Sobradinho - Bahia.

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze if the construction of the artificial lake of Sobradinho hydroelectric plant - BA changed the local microclimate. For this, the trends of the climates change detection indices, defined by WMO, for the Bebedouro - PE and Mandacaru - BA meteorological stations were analyzed. For reach the objectives were used daily precipitation and air temperature data from EMBRAPA, for the period 1966 - 2014, and, SST anomalies data, for this same period, from Atlantic and Pacific oceans regions also were used from CPC/NOAA site. The Mann-Kendall, Sen-Slope and Pettitt non-parametric tests were used to verify the statistical significance of trends. The Spearman test was also used for analyze the relationship of series and SST regions. The results show that the maximum temperature, summer days, and diurnal temperature range, for two stations, trends increased. However, according to the results of Pettitt's statistical test, can not attribute the increase of these indices to the formation of the lake of the Sobradinho Hydroelectric Plant. The SST Pacific regions and precipitations series correlations, for two stations, showed positives correlations for CDD indice. For the SST of Atlantic regions and precipitations series did not showed significant correlations, for no one of two stations. The SST Pacific regions and temperature air trends correlations, for two stations, indicates an increase of maximum temperature, summer days and diurnal temperature range, when this SST regions increase too. From the results obtained, for the two stations analyzed, cannot be said that the construction of Sobradinho hydroelectric plant has changed the local microclimate.