Políticas públicas e sustentabilidade urbana: análise das formas de atuação e deliberações do orçamento participativo no município de João Pessoa.

Abstract

The Participatory Budget, a public policy implemented in the municipality of João Pessoa in 2005, is configured as the main instrument for popular participation and the strengthening of participatory democracy. This study aimed to analyze the contributions of the process of adopting the Public Policy of the Participatory Budget to improve urban sustainability in the municipality of João Pessoa - PB, in the period from 2013 to 2019. To achieve the proposed objectives, exploratory-descriptive research, with a quantitative and qualitative approach, was conducted in the form of a case study in the municipality of João Pessoa, capital of the State of Paraíba, using secondary data, bibliographic, documentary, hemerographic and content analysis and the economic, social, territorial, environmental, political-institutional dimensions and the influence circuit proposed by Castro and Oliveira (2014); the types of governance models of Pierre (1999) and the analysis of pre-selected sustainability indicators from the Sustainable Cities Program. The results achieved showed that the Participatory Budget has been a contributory factor for participatory democracy by providing the opening of dialogues and negotiations between the municipal public power and the population in decisions that affect the interest of the community, particularly with regard to the social dimension, with actions strongly aimed at improving the quality of life of the population in a vulnerable situation, notably in the areas of housing, health, education, infrastructure and urban development, according to inferences based on the analysis of the connections between the public policy of the Participatory Budget and urban development in the municipality of João Pessoa and the calculation of the urban sustainability indicators of the Sustainable Cities Program, previously selected according to the interactions of the indicators with the actions of the Participatory Budget, resulting in the indication of the evolution of these indicators in the period under study. It was also possible to quantify the actions of the Participatory Budget, indicating Regions of Popular Participation, neighborhoods, geographic region and population that were most benefited by this public policy, highlighting the infrastructure area as the one that performed the greatest amount of works in order to meet the demands elected at the Participatory Budget regional hearings / assemblies. In the analysis of the typology of public governance, which has been adopted in the implementation of the public policy of the Participatory Budget, the main characteristics of the typology of the social welfare model were identified. Therefore, the process of adopting the Participatory Budget public policy implemented in the city of João Pessoa - PB has presented evidence that allowed us to infer that this public policy has been contributing, within the limits of its performance, to the improvement of the level of urban sustainability.