A semiótica e o conto maravilhoso: uma proposta de leitura aplicável ao ensino fundamental II.

Abstract

Reading proficiency is one of the great goals to be achieved by teachers of our time. Regarding to textual comprehension, Brazilian students are at a level far below that projected by national and international performance tests. The main objective of this research was to propose a methodology for reading the wonderful tale for the Portuguese Language classes of Elementary School from the perspective of semiotics. To do so, we start with the discussion of semiotic concepts and reading practices related to the school context, turning mainly to Elementary School; applying to the reading of the popular story the conceptual bases of semiotics, especially of greimasian approaches, in order to verify the values underlying the discourse selected to constitute the corpus of the research. From the theoretical- methodological point of view, the research is based on Discourse Analysis through the bias of the French school semiotics, which makes it possible to understand the meaning of the texts through the generative path of signification, which predicts a textual analysis based initially on simpler structures to reach the deepest structures, from the most concrete to the most abstract level. From a universe of 27 stories read, we selected as corpus the wonderful tale titled O Veado de Plumas, published by Câmara Cascudo in the book Contos tradicional do Brasil (2000). The results point to a study that traces, in its first level, a program and a course of the subjects, where it is perceived the importance of both the adjuvants and the opponents so that the subjects conquer their objects of value. At the second level, there was a gap between time, space and the actors of enunciation and enunciation, giving the narrative an impersonality marked by the presence of the "he" instead of the "I", as well as a clear separation between the time of the "now" and the "Once upon a time". Regarding the actors of the narrative, we observe an overlapping of those representing the male sex over the female sex. At this level, themes such as prejudice, freedom, submission, authority and envy were also expressed, which led us to reflect on their relevance to the development of our target audience. The third level revealed that from the human relations established in the tale, ideas such as fidelity and betrayal, union, separation, emerge. Finally, the discussion punctuated an idea of female submission to the detriment of male supremacy.