Algoritmos para composição automática de fotografias.

Abstract

Besides being one of the most popular forms of art, photography is often used for a wide variety of purposes, including professional and entertainment ones. Nowadays, since cameras (specially digital ones) are less expensive and more popular, there is an increasing need for tools to help photographers (both amateurs and professionals) to obtain photographs of better quality. Within this context, algorithms for detection and correction of errors on the composition of a photograph are proposed in this work. Photographic composition rules are heuristics used by photographers, which became so wides pread that they are now also known as“rules”. Photographers, however, are not unanimous about the use of some of those rules. Despite of that it is possible that the use of photographic composition rules can improve the quality of amateur photographs, leveling them to a professional standard. In this dissertation, two approaches are proposed to automate composition rules: an on-line method, in which a picture is only taken when a number of conditions is satisfied; and an off-line method,which classifiers or corrects the image after it has been acquired. Hence, algorithms for detecting and correcting problems on subject positioning are used. Two experiments were used to evaluate the performance of the system. The first one shows that users agree with the correction performed on 65% of the photographs, through a subjective analysis. By using only a Pan-Tilt-Zoom camera and the composition rules implemented in this work, the second experiment shows howto locate and photograph human subjects ina given environment.