Assistência a mulher climatérica na atenção primária à saúde: revisão integrativa de literatura.

Abstract

The climacteric is a biological phase of a woman's life where affective, occupational, sexual and / or family changes occurs. Her milestone is a menopause that corresponds to the permanent interruption of menstruation. There are women who pass through the climacteric without complaints, others may have symptoms that vary with intensity and diversity. However, in both symptomatic and asymptomatic cases it is necessary to provide comprehensive assistance to the woman, with health promotion actions, early diagnosis, treatment of injuries and prevention of damage. In this way, this study aims to know the assistance provided to women during the climacteric period by health professionals in the Primary Health Care (PHC). Searching for a descriptive strategy, this study started with an Integrative Review of Literature, which sought to answer the following question: “How does the assistance to women that crosses the climacteric work in the context of PHC?”. The descriptors used were: "Climacteric" AND "Primary Health Care", and in some moments the association of these with "Health Personnel", as well as their translations into English and Spanish. After complete analysis of the studies found two categories were listed: I- The (dis) knowledge about the climate, and II- Operationalization of climacteric women's assistance under the PHC: the medicalization of care. It was observed that there is an ignorance about the climacteric period, as well as its erroneous association to the same as menopause, both by the women who live and by the professionals who attend them, which directly reflects the absence of services for this age group of PHC, and when offered are centralized in the curativist view, medicalizing care. It is concluded that the study is relevant for the reflection of the health professionals on the quality of the actions given to the women in this phase of the life cycle, as well as to awaken in women the autonomy in search of their rights. Finally, the small number of studies in the sample shows that the absence of climacteric services in PHC is directly related to the absence of studies by professionals, who do not have the interest to study more about this period, nor to know what is happening to women at this stage.