Resposta da vegetação herbácea em área de caatinga manipulada com controle das rebrotas da jurema preta ( Mimosa tenuiflora ( WILLD.) Poir.)

Abstract

The caatinga biome refuge an impressive biodiversity floristic, and represents the fourth biggest covered area by unic vegetation in Brazil with potential of hardware production, on arboreal strata, shrubby and herbaceous. Aimed whith this work, evaluate the efect of silvopastoral management of caatinga whith the control of the number of regrowth of jurema preta over the herbaceous vegetation and litter. The experiment was conduzed in Lameirão Farm belonging of health's center and rural tecnology of Federal University of Campina Grande, localizated in municipality of Santa Terezinha - PB, Brazil. Was used an area of four hectare, divided in four pickets with approximately one hectare each, and subdivided in four plots os 45m x 45m, totalizing sixteen plots. After cutting the uniformity of woody vegetation, was implanted the silvipastoril management referring of control of rebrotas of jurema preta in 2015, in four levels: T0 = witness, allowing the growth of all Jurema's regrowth and T1, T2 and T3, allowing the growth of 1, 2 and 3 regrowths of jurema preta, respectively. The outline used was in random blocks (DBC) with four treatments and four repetitions. For the data collect of all the variables, was used iron frame (sampling unit) with dimensions of 1,00 x 0,25m. Was realized four collections during the rainy season (march, april, may, june of 2019) and two on dry season (september and october of 2019). In this periods, was collected data regarding the presence of herbaceous species in each parcel and ground cover by herbaceous species. For the data of frequency was made a descriptive statistics and multivariate for analyze of conglomerates, using Jaccard distance with medium connection, having goal to identificate similar groups of species. And to ground cover used the test of Tukey at the level of 5%. These data was compared with the data of collections of previous years (2016, 2017 and 2018). Besides that, whats collected samples to demonster the disponibility and the chemical composition of the dry matter (kg of DM/ha) of phytomass of foot of herbaceous vegetation and of litter. These data was compared with the data collectd in the same area in 2016 (start of data collection). In all of collections samples were taken of grasses, mauve, others herbaceous eudicotiledoneas and litter, that were weighed fresh and dried in greenhouse in laboratory of animal nutrition (LANA). The data of fresh biomass and dry were submitted to analysis of variance using the statistical program SAS (2007), and the avarage were compared by the Tukey's test in the level of 5% of probability. In all of evaluated periods the species that more stand out were Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze), Sida cordifolia L, Axonopus purpusii (Mez) Chase, but also with the over the years there was an appearance of news species in area. In a geral mode, the results indicate recuperation of area, with presence of indicator species of progressive succession, like Stylosanthes sp, Phaseoulus lathyroides L. Centrosema sp. Axonopus purpusii. (Mez) Chase. With this, there was increased in ground coverr and disponibility of dry matter of phytomass of foot and litter.