Efeito do uso de probióticos nas doenças inflamatórias intestinais: uma análise dos efeitos observados em modelos experimentais.

Abstract

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are a global health problem, with an increase in its prevalence and incidence especially in developed countries, with the main IBD's being Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), with common clinical characteristics. The factors that cause IDI's are associated with the interaction between individual genetics, environment, intestinal microbiome (MI) and immune response. IDI's are generally treated with drugs that, in the long term, cause adverse effects, which drives the demand for other therapies. This systematic review seeks to understand the effects of probiotics on IDI's, using the PubMed, Scopus and Royal Society of Chemistry databases, limited to clinical trials in humans and animal trials. It was found that the genus Lactobacillus is the most studied and the one with the most positive results, followed by Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus. The probiotic doses administered were able to demonstrate varied beneficial effects, such as weight loss attenuation, reduced diarrhea, decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells associated with decreased weight/length ratio of the colon, inhibition of destruction of the intestinal mucosa and depletion of goblet cells. In addition, supplementation with probiotics increased the concentration of antiinflammatory cytokine IL-10 in mucosal tissue, which demonstrates greater efficacy in reducing the inflammatory process. However, further studies are needed to understand its mechanisms of action, indication of use, dose-effect and better route of administration before its use as adjuvants in the therapy and prevention of colitis.