Resiliência à secas futuras, índices de seca e análise de vulnerabilidade em bacias hidrográficas do semiárido brasileiro.

Abstract

Drought connects meteorological phenomena and society in such a way that their occurrence, almost always, implies negative social and economic consequences. It is a natural phenomenon common in the Brazilian northeastern Semiarid. Its management should focus on proactive measures taken before and during the occurrence of droughts. Water infrastructure constructions may help in this management as they contribute to decrease vulnerability and consequently reduce drought impacts. Monitoring is another fundamental tool in this process because it can integrate warning systems and guide the right time to perform preparedness and mitigation actions. Different drought index are used in monitoring, and should look not only the meteorological phenomena, but also the significant economic activities for the region. Based on the concept of risk management, this work sought to identify the relationships between risk management and the reduction of vulnerabilities to drought, considering that infrastructure works and drought indexes related to regional economic activities are important keys to this process. As a result, we can mention that water infrastructure constructions contributed to the increase in the water supply in the region, which was reflected in the low vulnerability to drought in the municipalities most served by the program. And that the drought index VCI, VHI and SPEI have potential for monitoring and management drought in the semiarid region, which has livestock as its main economic activity.