Participação e governança: o caso da 1ª Conferência Nacional de Segurança Pública/2009.

Abstract

This scientific investigation had as a primary target to analyse the process of construction of the policy of the public security from the document (principles and guidelines) deliberated in the 1st National Conference of Public Security\2009 (1st CONSEG); verifying the strategies and the regimental aspects in contest among the attendants (civil society delegates, public security professionals and public managers) aiming to comprehend the reproduction of the legitimacy of the State´s power. Thereby, to investigate the political participation in the brazilian contemporaneity one tried to understand the new forms of relation between the political society and the civil society; aiming at the insertion of the citizen participation in the decision-making processes from the Brazil Federative Republic Constitution of 1988 (CF/1988). In this sense, problematizing if the conferences are modern rooms of dialogue used by the institutional power in the construction of public policies, through the citizen participation as an instrument of probate of a new State hegemony. As for the hypothesis we have postulated initially that the more the political power organize and encourage the participation of civil society delegates in the decision-making process of construction of the public policies, the more the probability of the construction of the hegemony by the State is and therefore more legitimacy. In this perspective the theoretical framework used entered the canon of Antonio Gramsci‟s Expanded State, as well as the theories of hegemonic democracy and counter-hegemonic ones. The qualitative research was descended initially from a documentary research in the Federal Constitution/88, National Plan of Public Security/2003 and especially in the result of the 1st CONSEG, the 10 (ten) principles and the 40 (forty) guidelines which should guide the policy of public security. In the field research we have interviewed eleven attendants of the conference of the national stage; four from the civil society, two workers from the sector, two managers and three organizers; making feasible an analysis of the content of the result accompanied with the representations of the participant segments of the conference. In the final deliberations one verifies that a conference potentiates the formalisation of the citizen participation in the decision-making processes but tends to make the State hegemony more and more legitimate.