Análise físico ambiental do assentamento Patativa do Assaré – Patos/PB.

Abstract

The realization this work if justified due to intense conflicts of land use in Settlement Patativa of Assaré, in consequence of activities agriculture and cattle raising there developed by decades continuous. The purpose of search was analyze the medium physica environmental of geosystem settlement, starting of description of system geophysical and of analysis of capacity land use, using the Mandatory Minimum Formula, for, in then do a evaluation geoenvironmental land use. The methodologies used are described by the INCRA (2010) and EMBRAPA (2006), that if based on utility inventory method by sampling, using techniques geo referencing using GPS, with base to attainment of data and generation of thematic maps, information obtained the CBERS 2B, in the plant cartographic of settlement and charts planialtimetric Leaf of Patos/PB and Serra Negra do Norte/RN software and GIS-Idrise Andes V. 14.0, AutoCAD 2006, Microsoft Office Excel 2007. The obtained results permitted to show that most part of the of the settlement is composed of granitic rocks, gneiss and mica which belong to the Crystalline Complex; presenting a lithological variable slope, prevailing gently reliefs wavy (39.77%) and moderately wavy (36.59%). The climate is type BSh; the typical vegetation of the area is caatinga hiperxerofila and hipoxerofila, predominating the black jurema (Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poiret.). In regards to pedology, 74,26% the soils are of the type typical Chromic Orthic LUVISOIL (shallow and stony). The pH, 70% of the soils are alkaline. The study area has a low potential fluvial, with five artificial reservoirs of water, occupying 5.55% of total area. When using the Minimum Formula Mandatory, was demonstrat that the open shrubs and trees caatinga presented restriction of use with respect to effective deepness, textural class, erosion and stoniness. Ninety percent of the soil was characterized as alkaline. The closed shrubs and trees caatinga showed an effective deepness, textural class, erosion and stoniness limitation. Sixty percent of the soil are acid. The restrictions found in the anthropism caatinga were in the effective deepness, textural class, erosion and stoniness. The pH, 90% of the soils are alkaline. The capacity land to use respect to soil profile, not vary much between the three areas analyzed. According to the geo-environmental assessment, 82.69% of geosystem fits in the area of anthropism caatinga. Eight categories of land use were defined: open shrubs and trees caatinga (40,92%), closed shrubs and trees caatinga (17,31%), cattle raising (16,90%), agriculture (13,38%), exposed soil (5,61%), bodies of water (5,55%), mangoes plantation (0,26%) and algaroba plantation (0,07%). The Areas of Legal Reserves, occupy 20.94%, the community 33.78% and Preservation 25.60% of the total area, all committed environmentally. The geophysical description, analysis of the soil profile and geoenvironmental assessment by means of the representation of thematic maps showed that the settlement has severe limitations for deployment/management of crops agricultural, being more suitable for grazing and cattle raising.