Análise térmica computacional de aviário no semiárido brasileiro.

Abstract

Maintaining the thermal environment within comfort ranges is essential so that the full genetic potential of the broiler line is demonstrated. Thus, the present work aimed to study the thermal behavior of an aviary and evaluate its thermal performance through computer simulation. The experiment was carried out in two seasons, winter (2019) and summer (2020), where data were recorded in four different shifts (Shift 1 - 1:00 to 6:00; Shift 2 - 7:00 to 12:00; Shift 3 - 13:00 to 18:00; and Shift 4 - 19:00 to 24:00). The microclimate variables measured were air temperature and relative humidity, wind speed and black globe temperature. From these data, some indexes of animal thermal comfort were determined: Black Globe Temperature and Humidity Index (ITGU), Radiant Thermal Load (CTR) and the thermodynamic variable Enthalpy. The statistical analysis was performed by means of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the F test. The Tukey test was used to compare the averages, assuming a probability of error of 5% (P <0.05). For the computer simulation, a virtual model of the shed was developed with the aid of the graphical user interface OpenStudio® in Sketchup, and later the calculation of the thermal performance was performed using the EnergyPlus TM software. In the simulation the thermal performance of the aviary was evaluated with different types of tiles: thermoacoustic, ceramic, fiber cement and metal. The results related to the study of the installation's microclimate showed that there was a significant difference between the parameters analyzed for winter and summer, in the four shifts studied, and in both seasons, the installation presented situations of comfort and thermal discomfort for the animals. From the computer simulation it was possible to verify that the EnergyPlus brings reliable responses, when comparing the experimental and simulated data, with the responses of the variables evaluated showing the same behavior in all shifts. The results also showed that the thermoacoustic tile provides the installation, for the climatic conditions of the Pernambuco semiarid region, with lower thermal load, consequently better thermal performance, followed by ceramic, fiber cement and metal tiles.