Obtenção de extrato seco de cumaru pelo processo de secagem em leito de jorro.

Abstract

The practices related to the popular use of medicinal plants are what many communities have as viable alternative for the treatment of diseases or health maintenance. It was aimed at the study of dry herbal extract of cumaru by spouted bed process, analyzing the dependent variables: income, rate of accumulation in inert material and water content of the dried extract. The fresh shells were collected, dried in an oven with forced air circulation at the temperature of 50C to the water content of 4.26%, being crushed later. Then the hydroalcoholic extract was obtained through dynamic maceration in alcohol at 70% and 30C, and then concentrated on a rotary evaporator to 50 °C up to a concentration of solids of 9.757%. For the drying tests, was added as an adjuvant of colloidal silicon dioxide drying to the concentrated extract. Drying speeds were defined in hydrodynamic tests according to the minimum Jet speed. For the drying tests were used polystyrene particles of type 849, produced by EDN, Camaçari-Bahia. Factorial planning was adopted of 2 + 3 experiments at the center point for a total of 11 experiments. As independent variables were adopted: drying temperatures of 70.80 and 90 °C; air flow rate of 35.278; 36.60 and 37.93 m/s and flow of power suspension of 4, 5 and 6 ml/min. According to the results, yields ranged from 53.9 to 75.851%; the rate of accumulation of 7.913 to 44.761% and water content in wet base of 2.359 to 5.197%. The results showed that the best performance was in experiment 4 (Tar: 90 °C; Var: 2.86 m3/min and Ws: 4 mL/min) 75.851% with a rate of accumulation of 7,91% and water content of 3.901%. The lowest income under the results was the experiment 6 (Tar: 70C; Var: 2.86 m3/min and Ws: 6 mL/min) of 60.576%, with accumulation rate of 24.90% and water content of 2.359%. On the above, there is an increase in the yield of dry extract with increasing drying temperature, and consequently a reduction in the rate of accumulation in inert material.