Vulnerabilidade socioambiental e mapeamento de áreas de risco à inundação: uma análise dos possíveis impactos em um período de chuvas no município de Pombal-PB.

Abstract

The humanity suffers with the natural disasters since antiquity. Amongst the various types of disasters, stand out floods, because it is a phenomenon that in general affects a large number of people, causing socioeconomic and environmental impacts. To solve or minimize these problems there are several types of measures, among them the mapping of risk areas. Measure this of great utility, being of low cost compared with others and also for bringing great benefits to the affected population. In this context, this study objective the application of a methodology to mapping areas of risk to flood, in which it takes into account the Socio-Environmental Vulnerability to assist in Sustainable Development and, consequently, adaptation to Climate Change. The study area corresponds to the urban area of the municipality of Pombal-PB. For this purpose, the Social Vulnerability Index was initially defined, having as territorial cut the urban census sectors. In the sequence, it was determined, from the field work, the Estimated Danger to the flood event. Finally, the Risk Index was calculated, being this the relation between the previously defined parameters. From this methodology were defined which sectors present a greater risk of suffer with problems related to flood, and it was seen that these sectors are also those that present a greater danger, considering and presenting physical characteristics of the study area, as opposed to social vulnerability, which is socioeconomic data less relevant to the flood event.