Desenvolvimento de catalisadores zeolíticos destinados à reforma do metano.

Abstract

In the last years, it has been an increasing interest for new alternatives to natural gas conversion to synthesis gas, a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide from which hydrogen can be obtained. This reaction requires the use of metallic sites and the tendency to produce coke can be minimized by the use of new catalytic materials. In order to develop new catalysts to this reaction nickel and platinum supported on NaY zeolite (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%) were studied in this work. Samples were prepared by incipient wet impregnation and characterized by thermal differential analysis, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIRs), temperature programmed reaction (TPR), specific surface area and porosity measurements and cyclohexane dehydrogenation. The catalysts were evaluated in steam reforming at 600 oC, 1 atm and CH4/H2O = 4 for 360 min. The XRD and FTIRs0,0 showed that metal impregnation did not change the structure of Y zeolite. From the TPR profiles, it was noted that the reduction of nickel began at 198ºC with a maximum at 483ºC. In the case of platinum the reduction began at 203ºC. From the cyclohexane dehydrogenation, it was observed an increase of activity, which is related to the higher amount of catalytic sites. All catalysts showed high activities, closely related to the metal charge. As a whole, the platinum-NaY catalyst showed higher activities that the nickel-NaY ones.