Diagnóstico participativo em assentamento rural e avaliação da tecnologia social canteiro econômico.

Abstract

The economic bed is a simple social technology of easy application, whose purpose is to enable the reduction of water consumption in the production of vegetables, contributing to better management of natural resources. The objective of this research was to perform socioeconomic and environmental diagnosis and to evaluate in a comparative way the growth and development of organic lettuce grown in an economical and conventional field. The research was carried out in two stages: the first stage was a socioeconomic and environmental diagnosis in the settlement Oziel Pereira, community agrovila do Cajá, Remígio, PB, between March and May 2016, a structured questionnaire was applied with 30 families farmers in At the family nucleus level, the analysis of the units was based on the analytical study of codes. The second stage evaluated the cultivation of organic lettuce cultivated in an economical and conventional field, the experiment was conducted in the open field, in the community, between August and November 2016. The experimental design was randomized, with three replications, by factorial arrangement 2x2x2 , two waters, with and without sombrite and "economic and conventional" management. The following were evaluated: leaf number; fresh leaf mass; plant height; absolute and relative growth rate; Water consumption; efficiency of water use and electrical conductivity of soil solution extract. Irrigation was determined by the weighing method. In the first stage, the indices: 91.25%, 18.25% and 33.62%, of deterioration of the economic, environmental and social diagnosis, respectively, contributed to the socioeconomic degradation 38%, being the economic factor that contributed the most for this result. The demographic and food variables were those that caused the deterioration in the social factor. In the second stage, the use of sombrite was as productive as open-air cultivation. Water consumption was more efficient at the economic site. The efficiency of water use has decreased with the addition of the irrigation blade and the use of brackish water must be handled with rationality in the economic field. The degradation of 91.25% economic factor, probably related to the long drought period of the last six years and the lack of public policies for the semi-arid. The participation of the families in the agroecological practices contributed to the best result of the environmental diagnosis. With these results it can be concluded that the economic scenario is viable as a public policy to mitigate the effects of drought and to guarantee food and nutritional security; the use of sombrite is indispensable in the semiarid.