Análise da inserção da geração solar fotovoltaica na Matriz Energética Brasileira.

Abstract

The Brazilian renewable energy scenario has changed significantly in the last decade. Although Brazil is known mainly for the production of biofuels and conventional hydroelectric power - hydroelectric energy alone accounts for more than 70% of electricity generation - investment in the solar sector has increased rapidly. The insertion of photovoltaic solar energy is strategic for Brazil, not only to protect itself against hydrological crises, but also for economic purposes, to protect itself against the volatility of electricity prices and fluctuating natural gas prices. Equally important for Brazil's strategy was the Normative Resolution of ANEEL, which establishes new rules to reduce the barriers to the incorporation of distributed solar photovoltaic energy generation. Despite the existing incentive policies in Brazil, the high initial investment ends up inhibiting the expansion of residential consumers. Thus, an analysis of the previous and estimated growth of this source of energy generation is proposed according to the government plans. In addition, a comparison of solar photovoltaic energy worldwide will be presented, applying international experience in the Brazilian scenario to assess the scope of tariff parity and its competitiveness, highlighting the potential and Brazilian incentive policies.