Gravidez na adolescência: um desafio para a saúde pública.

Abstract

Adolescence is marked by various physiological, psychological and social changes of the individual. In this phase there is the beginning of the affective relationships that often has as consequence the gestation, this is a public health problem since the 1990s seen an increase of this index. The aim was to analyze the problem of pregnancy in adolescence in the Brazilian context. This is an ecological, exploratory, descriptive, retrospective study with a quantitative approach to data. The study was carried out through data from the Information System for Live Births and Hospital Information System, evaluating the births of groups under 10 years, 10 to 14 years and 15 to 19 years between the years 2008 to 2018. Then it was created charts and tables for the analysis and presentation of the data being compared with the available literature. The study used secondary public access data, therefore the ethical precepts established by Resolution No. 510/2016 of the National Health Council that allows the collection of information in public domain databases was respected. It was observed that 18.5% of pregnancies in the years analyzed correspond to adolescent mothers and there is a predominance of pregnancies in the ages of 15 to 19 years, instruction from 8 to 11 years, representing the fundamental education, single girls and of color/parda race. The evidenced gravidico-puerperal profile was a single term pregnancy, vaginal delivery, with 7 or more prenatal consultations and no congenital abnormalities. The profile of the RN shown with apgar in the first and fifth minute above 8 points and weighing above 3000g. Therefore, according to the results one realizes the need for a different look at this category, both by managers and professionals, since there is a resistance on the part of girls to the realization of prenatal care due to fear, shame, embarrassment and sometimes even insults by professionals.