Sistemas de cultivos de couve folha e rúcula sob tipos de adubação.

Abstract

Plant consortium is one of the most suitable methods for the practice of olericulture, in agroecological molds, with innumerable advantages in the environmental, productive and economical aspect, because the combination of plants promotes the better utilization of space, nutrients, area and light. In addition to the benefits that one plant brings to another in controlling environmental adversity Alternative inputs, such as animal waste, vegetable waste, and green manure have been used primarily to increase the amount of organic matter in the soil, increasing nutrient content, thus providing an increase in crop productivity as well as reducing production costs and negative effects on the environment. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the production of cabbage and arugula in different cultivation systems under types of fertilization. The experiment was conducted at the premises of the Academic Unit of Agrarian Sciences of the Center for Agrifood Sciences and Technology of the Federal University of Campina Grande, from December 2018 to August 2019. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design, in a 2x6 factorial scheme, where the first factor were the intercropping (cabbage and arugula) and monoculture (both crops) and the second factor were the sources of fertilization F1: fertilization. with animal waste (cattle manure); F2: green manure (lab lab); F3: green fertilization (100%) + fertilization with animal residue (100%); F4: mineral fertilization (according to crop recommendation); F5: Organomineral fertilization (100% with animal residue + 100% mineral fertilization) and F6: (100% with vegetable residue fertilization), with four replications. Plant height, stem diameter, leaf fresh and dry mass, shoot, root and total, yield and UET were evaluated. Therefore, the different sources of fertilizer influenced the agronomic performance of cabbage and arugula cultivated in intercropping or monoculture cultivation systems. Cauliflower cultivation promoted higher yield when the plants were fertilized with the F3 fertilizer source in the monoculture system, while for the arugula high yield was obtained when the plants were submitted to the F5 fertilizer source in a intercropping system. The use of green manure is viable agronomically in the intercropped cultivation of cabbage leaf with arugula, due to significantly reduce the expenses with inputs of mineral origin, as well as improving the physical and chemical condition of the soil. The interleaving of cabbage leaf with arugula is an efficient practice in the technical dimensions, because it has provided more leaves and sauces, higher production of fresh and dry mass. Cauliflower harvests were influenced by the different types of fertilizers evaluated under intercrop or monoculture cultivation. It is recommended that the cabbage leaf be cultivated in consortium with arugula and that the harvest should be done within 50 days (third harvest). Subsequent harvests do not alter the yield of the plants. Fertilizers of organic origin had satisfactory effects on the cultivation of kale leaf in consortium with arugula, due to meet the nutritional requirements of the crops.