Turismo, recursos de uso comum e conflitos socioambientais em Pipa - Tibau do Sul/RN: uma perspectiva à luz dos princípios de Ostrom.

Abstract

The research portrays an environmental, social, economic and political conflict propagated on the beach of Pipa, belonging to the municipality of Tibau do Sul, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, being part of the Costa das Dunas Tourist Pole. The objective of this study is “to analyze the socio-environmental conflicts related to the use of common-pool resource (CPR) by tourism in Pipa- Tibau do Sul / RN, in the light of Ostrom's (1990) principles, in order to make available self-management alternatives to better manage the more sustainable development of the destination." The research techniques used in the research involve: observation direct and participant, personal documents, photographic records, semi-structured interviews, oral reports, with annotations and main observations acquired from those investigated in the research. The study focused on local leaders and / or entrepreneurs related to associations / groups and / or ONGs, including natives and outsiders considered to be Pipa citizens for the long years of living on the beach. Referring to the socio-environmental conflict in Pipa, we can see the emergence of the discordant scenario around the 1990, as a result of the new power relations between the producers of tourism. It emerges along with a rampant speculation of external capital, provoking a great wave of urbanization and transformations in the tourist destination. Among the main social impacts, one can notice a radical change in the new habits of life, with modification of the territory and the old houses. In addition to changes in traditional economic activities, evidence of degradation, acculturation, prostitution, drug trafficking, among other issues that negatively influence the life of the local community. With in loco observation, it is clear that strong leaders, who have already been very involved and involved with associations and ONGs, have experienced resistance crises, and some have given up remaining in the fight as a reflection of the public sector's discredit in supporting proposals and actions movements. Ostrom's governance principles were analyzed in the context of Pipa's tourism development, and despite the existing limitations, there are assumptions that demonstrate the feasibility of self-management as a mechanism of preservation and mediation for existing conflicts. This proposal is not easy to implement, given the history of exploration and disorderly exploitation, however, the community presents concrete tools to reverse the scenario, as long as they continue to integrate and go beyond the strand of individualism, focusing on truly in the collective good. Thus, it is necessary to increase the possibilities of participation, involving the population in the decisions that aim at the development of the tourist destination, with valorization and integration of this group that can make the difference. Therefore, the thesis reached the delimited objectives and with the instruments of data collect it is possible to successfully respond to the issues imposed, being possible the analysis of the socio-environmental conflict with guidelines to guide the self-management of resources of common use linked to tourism. As a contribution, the research structures a plan of action so that the community can integrate and act, aiming to have greater autonomy over natural assets.