Prospecção da aplicabilidade biotecnólogica do cajueiro (Anacardium occidentale, L.).

Abstract

The cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) is a Anacardiaceae originária family tree in northcastem Brazil. has tortuous canopy architecture and different sizes ranging from dwarfto giant and propitious conditions can reach extreme sizes. The Anacardiaceac family has about 700 species. the genus Anacardium represented by 22 species whose center of distribution Tropical America. This \\Ork aimcd to exploring the biotechnology applicability ofcashew. To achieve this objective was conducted a targeted search of items available on the A. occidentale L. These items were blacklisted and used as the basis for the construction of the advisory database necessary to complete this work. As well as computer programs were used to acquire more in-depth information and schematic views ofthe molecules or proposed in this paper. As a result it was observed that the cashew tree is shown as a great option for the development of promising biotech products. Primarily used in the food industry aimed for human consumption in natura or processed in biotechnological systems as the production of biogas; as a carbon source in the production o f enzymes among others. Some cashew products such as anacardic acid ~hich is the main component ofCNSL (cashev. nut shellliquid) was shown to have a great biotechnological potential for many chemical or biological fields. This substance has shown highly lethal to gram positive and also has been used primarily in the treatment of dental abscesses. as well as being active against acne. some insects and diseascs such as tuberculosis. Noting the number of genes described for Anacardium gender were found and studied until now 18 genes within the 22 species belonging to this gcnus. Only 4 species have carried out genetic studies and reports between these species have been described in which a larger number of genes was the Anacardium occidentale L. showcd that 15 genes studied between 18 described. In addition to a small amount of gene sequences or protein-depth study ofthe cashew tree in Brazil is still in its infancy and some of its function has not yet been identified. The proteins studied cashew are prcsent in other studies using different organisms such as bacteria. fungi and viruses. Proteins less represented in other organisms were 2S albumin and Allergen Ana 02. On the other hand, the cosmopolitan protein and present in ali types of organisms is secn Maturase K. At its high degree of acccssibility as a medicinal plant, the they may be

popularly used to cure or prevent various diseases. such as antidiabetic, astringent, anti- diarrheal. anti-asthmatic. purifying and tonic in mouthwashes and gargles, as an antiseptic and

anti-inflammatory in the case ofwounds and ulcers ofthe mouth and throat disordcrs, inhibition of gram positive and gram negative. cancer. and its promising use as natural larvicide for dengue vector control. chikungunya and zika. lt is in this context that lies the necd for the use of efficient scientific methodology for the compilation of industrial interest data related to the use ofthis very important plant for the Brazilian northeast.