A (IN) eficácia das cotas eleitorais de gênero nas eleições de 2020 nos municípios da serra da Ibiapara no estado do Ceará.

Abstract

This is a study on the (in) effectiveness of gender electoral quotas in the 2020 municipal elections in the municipalities of Serra da Ibiapaba in the State of Ceará. Gender electoral quotas were instituted by article 10, paragraph 3, of Law 9.504 / 97 and became mandatory with the promulgation of Law 12.034 / 09, which provides that at least 30% (thirty percent) of the registration of candidates of political parties and party coalitions must be filled in by one gender and a maximum of 70% (seventy percent) by another gender. Initially, the study of the democratic political regime is approached with emphasis on the explanation of the types of democracy, the historical analysis of democracy in Brazil and the types of electoral systems adopted in Brazil, as a way of understanding the following chapters that deal with the use of political rights. as enforcers of human rights, this effect is due to the fact that gender quotas are considered an affirmative political action and these seek to guarantee the right to equality, which is considered a human right. Thus, political parties and party coalitions in respecting gender quotas are emphasizing the democratic political regime and consequently guaranteeing the right to equality for women. In this way, the result of the 2020 municipal elections for the positions of municipal councilors in the cities that make up the Serra da Ibiapaba was investigated, with the objective of analyzing the compliance with this percentage of gender provided for in the electoral legislation and the possible signs of fraud to this. Institute. The survey showed that the gender electoral quota was not met in two of the nine cities analyzed, some political parties did not respect the minimum percentage of 30%, however, it was found that these are minorities and that despite the non-compliance, the number of candidates women and women occupying the vacancies offered are growing, however, slowly. In addition, there was also evidence of attempted fraud by political parties using this fictitious candidacy and that as a way of repressing this fraud in this affirmative action, it is necessary to improve this institute in the electoral legislation, so that the parties politicians are monitored and punished if they fail to comply.