Plantas medicinais utilizadas no tratamento de diabetes mellitus: uma revisão da literatura.

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia persistent, due to deficiency in insulin production or its ineffective action, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. In the year 2019, International Diabetes Federation reported that 463 million adults were living with DM in the world, constituting a major public health problem. Its treatment consists of using medications conventional and medicinal plants, this association being increasingly frequent, increasing the risks of occurrence of interactions, and whose irrational use constitutes another concern for public health. The objective of this work was to identify medicinal plants related to the treatment of DM and to assess the hypoglycemic potential and possible effectiveness from literature data. The methodology chosen for the development of the work was an integrative literature review, through the search for publications in databases. electronic data: CAPES Journals, Academic Google, SciELO, PubMed and LILACS, in Portuguese and/or English, from 2010 to 2020, on plants with activity hypoglycemic agents. Twenty-six plant species associated with the treatment of Diabetes and among the most cited, Bauhinia forficata, Syzygium jambolanum and Cissus verticillata. The effects presented were: reduction of triglycerides, antioxidant activity and reduction of blood glucose. Ethnopharmacological surveys commonly indicate plants for the treatment of Diabetes, some studies prove the hypoglycemic effect, however, clinical studies that validate therapeutic use are still rare. Given this, it is expected that the survey results help health professionals to identify possible unwanted effects, interactions medicinal by the use of medicinal plants with conventional medicines, and limitations of the use of these plants, and that improve the clinical outcomes of patients, by reducing the negative results associated with the indiscriminate use of medicinal plants.