Impacto da administração do extrato da guabiroba (Campomanesia xanthocarpa o. Berg) sobre parâmetros bioquímicos de ratos wistar adultos alimentados ou não com dieta hiperlipídica.

Abstract

Guabiroba (Campomanesia xanthocarpa O. Berg) native plant from the Brazilian cerrado, it is widely used in folk medicine for the preparation of teas through its leaves, as they show biological activities such as antioxidant, antithrombotic, antifibrinolytic, antihyperlipidemic, antiobesity, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, hypoglycemic, analgesic activity, antihypertensive and antiulcerogenic. This study aimed to evaluate the administration of C. xanthocarpa extract on the biochemical parameters of adult Wistar rats fed or not on a high-fat diet, as well as to analyze the content of total phenolics, total flavonoids and the antioxidant activity of the extract from the leaves of C. xanthocarpa. The antioxidant activity of the extract was tested by the ABTS method. The total content of phenolics and flavonoids was measured by colorimetric methods. For this purpose, 32 animals were used, which were divided into 4 groups: Negative Control (NC) - treated with water (vehicle); Hyperlipidic Control (CH) – treated with water (vehicle); C. xanthocarpa (CX) – treated with C. xanthocarpa extract at a dose of 100mg/g, and C. xanthocarpa hyperlipidic (CXH) – treated with C. xanthocarpa extract at a dose of 100mg/g. The research was carried out in two stages, the first stage being the period of supplementation with the high-fat diet for a period of 21 days, and the second stage was the administration of guabiroba extract for a period of 30 days. At the end of the experiment, the animals were euthanized in order to analyze the biochemical parameters, as well as the relative weight of the organs. The results were submitted to analysis of

variance followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons test, when appropriate, and the Two- way test, considering p<0.05 as statistically significant. The total phenolic content of the

extract was 65.32 ± 2.57 mg EAG/mL, while the total flavonoid content was 9.14 ± 0.35 mg EC/mL. As for the antioxidant activity, evaluated by the ABTS method, the hydroalcoholic extract showed antioxidant activity, with 51.02 ±0.77 μmol TEAC/mL. The results indicated that the administration of the extract positively influenced the change in both biochemistry and visceral fat and organ weight. Thus, we can conclude that supplementation with C. xanthocarpa extract was able to reduce visceral fat, as well as improve biochemical parameters, such as lipid profile, kidney and liver function. Finally, it is understood that the extract can be suitable for human consumption and can modify lipid metabolism and reduce inflammation.