Comunicação de risco e segurança hídrica urbana: o caso da Vila dos Teimosos em Campina Grande - PB.

Abstract

Water security is associated with sustainable access to adequate amounts of water for survival and human wellbeing, with the guarantee of preservation of ecosystems against pollution, as well as the prevention of disasters caused by excess skin or water scarcity. Thus, water security goes beyond quality, availability and access to water for the population, it also involves issues related to risk management associated with extreme hydrological events such as droughts and floods. The general objective of this work is to identify and analyze the environmental risks and dangers to which the population of Vila dos Teimosos in Campina Grande - Paraíba is exposed, addressing the existing vulnerabilities from the demographic and risk communication perspectives. The methodology of this work has three stages: literature review on the concepts of environmental risks and dangers, water security, water resources management, risk communication and studies carried out on the chosen study area; analysis of secondary data from the demographic census conducted by IBGE (2010), and finally, interviews with a Civil Defense professional and an expert in areas of risk and vulnerability. The results show that the main dangers and risks associated to which the population of Vila dos Teimosos is exposed are: (i) occupation of an Environmental Preservation Area, under the risk of eviction and housing insecurity as a condition of vulnerability; (ii) silting, eutrophication and pollution of the Bodocongó Reservoir, offering the risk of flooding homes with contaminated water during the flood season, which leaves the population vulnerable to waterborne diseases; (iii) garbage and sewage in the open, with an imminent risk of contamination by human contact with contaminated materials and vulnerability associated with involuntary exposure to diseases. The total number of people exposed to these conditions is 647 individuals, with 58.89% belonging to the fixed age group from 15 to 59 years old, 34.62% in the range of 0 to 14 years old, and 6.49% in the range between 60 and 60 years old. 80 years. The communication of risk on the dangers identified in Vila dos Teimosos occurs through actions of the municipal Civil Defense in times of alert of extreme climatic events;

the Municipal Planning Secretariat, through regular visits and guidance to residents; the State Water Management Agency of Paraíba (AESA), through alerts related to the weather forecast; and the interaction between the Civil Defense, Firefighters, city hall bodies and the community leadership for risk communication to be carried out.