Composição florística em áreas de afloramentos rochosos sobre o impacto da mineração na Paraíba.

Abstract

The Caatinga biome is characterized as a vegetation mosaic, which has distinct landscapes, where the rocky outcrops are landscapes of dissected rocks, with wavy to rugged elevation, and isolated from the surrounding environment, these rocky outcrop environments present economic activities of granitegnámic mineral extraction, without removal of substrate and vegetation to remove raw material, and soon after, as exploited and abandoned areas. Aware of the value of these ecosystems, a geoenvironmental analysis of the landscape of rocky florals in the municipalities of EsperançaPB and OlivedosPB is required. Based on the objectives, the work was developed following the following steps: 1) Bibliographic Survey; 2) Image Acquisition; 3) Digital Processing of PDI Images; 4) Morphometric Characterization and 5) Field Study. The geoenvironmental conditions of the city of Esperança result from the climatic and altimetric factors, which directly affect the formation of soils and consequently the greater anthropic interference. Whereas, in Olivedos for having a drier climate and lower relief, the anthropic intervention results from the exploitation of extensive livestock and mining. The landscapes presented in both municipalities form a vegetation mosaic, with phytophysiognomies in different conservation stages, due to the anthropization and the physical factors, which are distinct.