Análise da variabilidade climática intra e inter anual (1935 a 2018), e a influência no volume no Açude Ministro José Américo, em Soledade - Paraíba.

Abstract

Environmental changes in the historical and current scenario are marked by the process of land use and occupation, which in turn is intensified by the typical semiarid climate irregularity. Given this, the construction of dams has become a solution to “soften” the impacts caused by drought. The aim of the present study was to analyze the intra and inter annual climatic variability from (1935 to 2018), and the influence on the volume of the Soledade (Minister José Américo) reservoir in Paraíba. The research was performed with image analysis by the United States Geology Service (USGS). For digital processing of PDI images, ArcGis and Qgis software were used. The analysis of climate variability was selected rainfall data of stations, which had uninterrupted series, (AESA, SUDENE). The results indicate that rainfall from 1935 to 2018 resulted in an average of 471.04 mm, a positive variation, with r = 0.8418. This variation implies that there has been a decrease, more than the volume (mm) of precipitation tends to grow, taking into account the decadal period for the coming year 2020. It was also found that there were periods of long drought due to ENSO ElNiño phenomenon, as well as the occurrence of rainy periods above this, as a result of the LaNiña phenomenon. Higher volumes were observed in the first quarter of the year, which is a result of the ZCIT, since the accumulated water volume in the dam is directly linked to rainfall, but variables such as consumption and evaporation contribute to its decrease.