Carboximetilquitosana/colágeno para utilização como preenchedor cutâneo.

Abstract

Skin filling is a technique used, especially by dermatologists, for the correction of superficial or deep wrinkles, depressed scars, as well as facial volume replacement. There are several biomaterials that are used as skin fillers, the most used are hyaluronic acid, hydroxyapatite and poly-L-lactic acid, with isolated and specific properties to be considered suitable skin fillers and that differentiate them from one another, mainly clinical indication. Some parameters are important for the conceptualization of an ideal cutaneous filler, for example the area to be corrected, the duration of the same in implanted tissue and cost of the product / procedure. In this context, this work is based on the development of carboxymethylchitosan hydrogel with collagen produced from the chicken egg membrane. Initially the carboxymethylchitosan of the chitosan produced in the CERTBIO laboratory was obtained and after, was do extraction of the collagen from the cell membrane of the chicken egg. The filler hydrogel was made by homogenizing the carboxymethylchitosan with different concentrations (m / m) of collagen (5%, 10% and 15%). After its acquisition, it was submitted to the following characterization techniques: Infrared Spectroscopy with Fourier Transform (FTIR), Optical Microscopy (OM), pH, Conductivity, Confocal Microscopy by Fluorescence, Rheology, Injection / Ejection Force, Thermogravimetry (TG), Swelling and Cytotoxicity. According to the results of FTIR it can be stated that the raw material was carboxymethylchitosan and collagen. No significant difference was observed between the FTIR spectra of the hydrogels. In the pH of the samples it was verified that the carboxymethylchitosan presents more alkaline when compared with the collagen. The conductivity of carboxymethylchitosan was higher than that of water and lower than that of collagen. In fluorescence microscopy the collagen particles were homogeneous in relation to the size and well distributed in the mixture. The rheological study suggests that it is a material with pseudoplastic behavior. Regarding the injectability, it can be stated that the carboxymethylchitosan hydrogel presented greater ejection force within the recommended literature for use as a cutaneous filler. Regarding thermogravimetry, three stages of mass loss were identified in the compositions of the hydrogels of carboxymethylchitosan and carboxymethylchitosane /collagen 5% and two stages of mass loss in compositions with 10 and 15% of collagen. Carboxymethylchitosan and carboxymethylchitosan / collagen hydrogels showed better swelling in PBS solution. In relation to the cytotoxicity assay, all samples were found to be viable. In this way, it can be concluded that the hydrogels presented physical, chemical, thermal, viscosity and biological potential properties for application in cutaneous filling, with exception for the test of injectability.