Potencial antimicrobiano e antiaderente do óleo essencial de Lavandula hybrida grosso contra cepas de Staphylococcus aureus.

Abstract

Introduction: The oral cavity is naturally occupied by several microorganisms that play an important role for the functioning of the human body. The dental biofilm is constituted as a complex aggregate of different pathogens, among them, Staphylococcus aureus, and mineral and organic components, known as exopolysaccharides, which formed and matured, can become pathogenic and trigger infections if not removed. The use of natural products in dentistry is an effective and affordable alternative for the prevention and control of various conditions that affect the oral cavity. Among these products are essential oils, rich in organic compounds with high therapeutic activity. Lavandula Hybrida is a species formed by the union of Lavandula angustifolia Miller and Lavandula latifolia Linn. The varieties of this species, such as the variation Grosso, arouse curiosity in the scientific community about its therapeutic potential. Objective: to evaluate the antibacterial and anti-adherent activity of Lavandula Hybrida Grosso essential oil against strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Methodology: the antibacterial potential was evaluated with the determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Lavandula Hybrida Grosso essential oil against Staphylococcus aureus strains SA101, SA102, SA104 and SA105, using the microdilution methodology in 96-hole plate in Mueller Hinton Broth (MHC) medium. The MIC for oil was defined as the lowest concentration capable of visually inhibiting bacterial growth seen in the holes when compared to control growth. Next, the bactericidal activity of the oil against the target strains was evaluated through the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MIC). After the 24-hour MIC reading, aliquots of 20 μL were taken from each well of the microtiter plate that showed no bacterial growth and transferred to wells of a new microtiter plate containing 100 μL of Muller Hinton broth, devoid of any antimicrobial. The BOD was defined as the lowest concentration of the essential oil that resulted in visible inhibition of microorganism growth. The last part of the study was the determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Adherence Concentration (MICC), using the glass inclined tube technique, in the presence of 5% sucrose using concentrations corresponding to the pure essential oil up to 1:1024 dilution. The CIMA was considered the lowest concentration of essential oil capable of preventing the adherence of the biofilm formed on the glass tube. All experiments were performed in duplicate. Results: It was observed that the essential oil of Lavandula Hybrida Grosso has a strong antibacterial activity, classified by MIC, against strains of Staphylococus aureus. The BOD of 1024, on the other hand, demonstrated that this oil acts as a bacteriostatic for the same strain. As for the MIC, a value of 1:128 was observed, which was higher than 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate, which showed a MIC of 1:8. Conclusion: It was possible to conclude that the essential oil of Lavandula Hybrida Grosso presented itself as bacteriostatic and with strong antimicrobial and anti-adherent potential against strains of Staphylococcus aureus.